Relationship between School Infrastructure and Students Academic Performance in Twelve Years Basic Education in Rwanda
Abstract
The school infrastructures play a significant role in the development of both school performance and students academic performance. Well settled school physical plants, help the students to discover and develop their talents. This study therefore, aimed to investigate the relationship between school infrastructure and students academic performance in twelve years basic education in Rwanda. The study employed correlation research design and the sample size of 200 people. In this study, school infrastructure was used as independent variable while students academic performance was used as dependent variable. The study used questionnaire and guided interview as the research instruments. The quantitative findings that were collected from questionnaire, were analyzed by using SPSS software vision 21 and the data collected from guided interview was analyzed by using thematic method. The results that were obtained, indicated that the average of 70.5 % disagreed on the adequate school infrastructures available in Twelve Years Basic Education (12YBE) in Gasabo district. The inadequate school infrastructures indicated in twelve years basic education reduces the academic performance of students. Despite, the improvement of students academic performance valued at an average of 27.1% which is low. The study also found, that there is a significant low positive correlation between school infrastructures and students academic performance in 12YBE in Rwanda as it was proved by Karl Pearson coefficient of correlation (r) was +0.408. The qualitative findings revealed that school infrastructures to be available in 12YBE are like completed classrooms, well equipped libraries and laboratories, adequate playgrounds and school sanitation. However, these infrastructures were experienced to be inadequate in 12YBE in Rwanda.
Keywords: School Infrastructure, Students Academic Performance, School Physical Plants.
References
Agun, J. E. (2009). Total Materials Management Achieving Maximum Profit Through Materials Operations, 2nd ed. Boston: Kluwer Academic publishers
Aguokogbuo, A.O. (2000). Maintaining School Facilities for Achievement of Universal Basic Education (UBE). Objectives in Management of Primary and Secondary Education in Nigeria.
Ajayi, A. (2006). The influence of school type and location of resources availability and pupils learning outcomes in primary schools in Ekiti state, Nigeria.
Aliyu, K. (1993). Instructional Facilities and Secondary School Students Academic Performance in Bida and Lavun Local Government of Niger State. M. Ed Dissertation, University of Ilorin.
Aljohani, M. (2017). Principles of “Constructivism” in Foreign Language Teaching. Journal of Literature and Art Studies, Vol 7(1), p (97-107).
Altbach, P.G. (1983). Key Issues of Text book provision in the Third World. International Journal of education, vol 13(2), p (315-325).
Amineh, R.J & Aslal, H.D. (2015). Review of Constructivism and Social Constructivism. Journal of Social Sciences, Literature and Languages. Vol 1(1), p (9-16).
Ango, M. L. & Sila M.D. (1986). Teaching and Learning of Biology Practical; The Experience of some Nigerian Secondary Schools. Journal of Science Teachers Association of Nigeria, vol l24 (2), p33-47.
Ayodele, S.O. (1988). A study of the Relative Effects of the Problems of Class Sizes and Location of Schools on Performance of Pupils. In Nigerian Journal of Curriculum Studies, Vol 6 (2) p (1-11).
Balogun, T.A. (1982). Improvisation of Science Teaching Equipment. Journal of the Science Teachers Association, Vol 20 (2), p (72-76).
Broorde, C. A. (2003). The Relationship Between Design of School Facilities and Student Behaviour and Academic Achievement. (Doctoral Dissertation, University of Mississippi). Retrieved May 2, 2008, from ProQuest Digital; Dissertations Data base. (AAT 3089830).
Brosh, B. (2002). Linking extra-curricular performing to academic achievement: International journal of sociology of education, vol 75(1), p69-95.
Brown, J.W. (1997). Effects of Maintenance of School Physical Facilities and Environment on Students' Learning. Journal of Educational Facilities and Planning, vol 27(1), p (18-29).
Bullock, C. (2007). The Relationship between School Building Conditions and student Achievement at the Middle School Level in Commonwealth of Virgina. Retrieved from http://scholar.lib.vt.ed/theses/available/etd-08212007-163313
Dudek, M. (2000). Architecture of schools, the new learning environment, oxford architectural press, P.xiv.
Earthman, G.L & Lemasters, L. (1996). Review of the research on the relationship between school buildings, students’ achievement and students’ behavior. Tarpon, Florida.
Fabunmi, M. (1997). Differential Allocation of Educational Resources and Secondary School Academic Performance in Edo State, Nigeria. An unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Ibadan.
Korpershoek. H. (2014). Effective classroom management strategies and classroom management programs for educational practice. Rijksuniversiteit, Grote Rozenstra at 3, 9712 TG Groningen.
Lockheed, M.E., Vail, S.C & Fuller, B. (1986). How Textbooks Affect Students Achievement in Developing Countries: Evidence from Thailand. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis Winter, Vol 8(4), p (379-392).
London, N.A. (1990). The Impact of economic Adjustments on Educational Facilities Planning in Trinidad and Tobago. Educational Management and Administration, Vol21 (2)p(15-30).
Marlon, F. & Booth,m. (2007). Learning awareness. New Jersey. Lawrence Erlbaum associates. Mahwali.
Monenen, P. (2009). Learning environment. Media education publication, Vol 2(14), p (163-212).
Nworgu, R.A. (1991). Management of School Physical and Infrastructural. Facilities. Enugu: Foundation Publications.
Obi, E. & Ezegbe, C.C. (2012). Management of school plant for effective administration of schools. In G.N. Osuji& A. Ndu (Eds). Educational administration for colleges of education and Universities. Owerri: Tony Ben Publishers.
Odulaja, G. & Ogunwemimo, K. (1989). Teachers Attitude Towards Biology Practical with Particular Reference to School certificate Biology practical Examinations. A case study of Lagos. B.Sc project Report, University of Lagos.
Ofoedun, W.O. (1990). School-Community Relations in the 21st Century. In J.O. FadipeandE.E. Oluchukwu (eds) Educational Planning and Administration in Nigeria in the 21stCentury, Ibadan.
Ogbodo, C. M. (2004). Managing Educational facilities in Peretomode. V. GF. (ed) Introduction to Educational Planning and Supervision. Lagos, Joja Educational Resources and Publishing Limited.
Okoiye, O. & Uche, A.C. (2004). Book care, users’ services and basic infrastructures in primary school libraries. Oweri: Imo state library board.
Ola, J.R. (1990). The Place of School Library in the New 6-3.3-4 Educational System. Teachers Journal Ondo State ANCOPSS (2nd Ed), Ibadan, Evans Brothers Nigeria Publishers.
Ouma, C.O. (2011). Factors influencing performance in chemistry in public secondary schools. University of Nairobi, Kenya. Uonbi press.
Owoeye, J.S. (1991). A Study of the Relationship between school infrastructure and students’ academic performance. University of Guinea
Owoeye, J.S. (1991). A Study of the Relationship between Class Size and Educational Quality in Ondo State. Unpublished M.Ed. Thesis, University of Lagos.
Rivera-Batiz, Francisco, L. & Lillian, M. (l995). A School System at Risk: A Study of the Consequences of Overcrowding in New York City Public Schools. New York: Institute of Urban and Minority Education, Teachers College, Columbia University.
Sanoff, H. (2009). Research Based Design of an Elementary School, Open House International journal, Vol 34(1) p (9- 6).
Smith, B.O. (1997). Fundamentals of Curriculum Development. New York: World Bank Company.
Soyibo, K. & Nyong, G.E. (1984). An Analysis of the School Certificate Biology Result of Old and New Secondary Schools in Cross Rivers State. Nigerian Educational Forum, V7(2), P (245-250).
Soyibo, K. (1987). Progress and Problems in Nigerian Secondary School Education 1960. Journal of Research in Curriculum, vol30 (1), (51- 61).
Johnston, N. (2009). Sports Participation on Academic Achievement of Middle School Students. NASSP Bulletin, Vol 86(630), p (35-41).
UNESCO. (2008). Challenges of implementing free day secondary education in Kenya. Experiences from district. Nairobi: UNESCO.
Vanguard Education Weekly (2004). The link between education and good library facilities Lagos: Vanguard, Thursday, 26, 23.
Wilcockson, D. (1994). Teachers Perspective on Under-Achievement. Education Today Journal of the College of Perceptors, 44(4), U.K, Longman.
Williams, T.D. (1973). Efficiency of Education in Education and National Building in the Third World, J. Lowe, N. Grant and T.O. Williams (Eds.) Ibadan, Onibonje Press and Book Industries (Nig.) Ltd.
World Bank. (1990). Improving Primary Education in Developing Countries, OUP, USA.
Yadar. K. (2001). Teaching of Life Sciences. New Delhi, Anmol Publication. Ltd. India.