Influence of Customer Alignment on Strategy Implementation in HIV/AIDS Non-Governmental Organizations in Kenya

Authors

  • Bernadette Mutinda Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
  • Margaret Oloko Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
  • Willy Muturi Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya

Keywords:

Customers alignment, Strategy implementation, Non-Governmental Organizations, HIV and AIDS

Abstract

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) face internal management problems in planning, staffing, leadership and governance and strategy implementation. They are required to think strategically as never before and translate their insight into effective strategies to cope with the changing environment they operate in. In addition, they need to develop rationales necessary to lay the groundwork for implementing strategies. Poor implementation of strategic plans impacts negatively on efficiency, effectiveness and sustainability of NGOs in Kenya. The study assessed the influence of customer alignment on strategy implementation in NGOs in Kenya. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey; this is appropriate where the overall objective is to establish whether significant association among variables exists at same time. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. To test the validity and reliability of questionnaire, a pilot study of 10% of the sample was conducted. A sample size of 125 respondents comprising of project officers and managers in charge of strategy implementation was selected using stratified random sampling and purposive sampling methods. Findings indicated that there was a positive and significant influence of customer alignment on strategy implementation. Based on the findings, the study concluded that customer alignment enables the NGOs to identify and explicitly measure the value propositions they deliver to the targeted beneficiaries of their services and donors. The study further concluded that customer complaints whether from donor or receivers of services should be shared with all the staff in the organization so that they can be addressed adequately and professionally. Organizations should continuously review their strategies to ensure that they contribute to the attainment of customer satisfaction.

Keywords: Customers alignment, Strategy implementation, Non-Governmental Organizations, HIV and AIDS

Author Biographies

Bernadette Mutinda, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya

PhD Candidate

Margaret Oloko, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya

Senior Lecturer

Willy Muturi, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya

Senior Lecturer

References

Abok, A.M., & Gakure, R. (2012). The Influence of Communication in the Implementation of Strategic Plans in Non-Governmental Organizations in Kenya. Journal of Human Resource and Entrepreneurship Development. 4 (1) pp 118- 132.

Amrule, S. G. (2013). The Role of Strategic Planning in the Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Information Communication and Technology (ICT) sector in Nairobi, Kenya. (Unpublished Dissertation, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya).

Anderson, M., & Liedman, G. (2013). Managing Customer Expectations. Management and Economics of Innovation Programme, 1- 68.

Awino, Z. B. (2007). Effects of selected strategy variables on corporate performance: A survey of supply chain management in large private manufacturing firms in Kenya. (Unpublished PhD Thesis). School of Business, University of Nairobi.

Arasa, R., & Kioko, M. (2014). An examination of the NGO sector competitive environment in Kenya. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) Volume, 16(2), 128-134.

Baroto, M. B., Arvand, N., & Ahmad, F. S. (2014). Effective strategy implementation. Journal of Advanced Management Science, 2(1), 50-54.

Beer, M., Eisenstat, R. A., Norrgren, F., Foote, N., & Fredberg, T. (2011). Higher ambition: How great leaders create economic and social value. Harvard Business Press.

Bolboli, S. & Reiche, M. (2013), “A model for sustainable business excellence: implementation and the roadmap”, The TQM Journal, Vol. 25 No. 4, pp. 331-346. [Link], [Google Scholar] [Infotrieve]

Brass, J. N. (2012). Why do NGOs go where they go? Evidence from Kenya. World Development, 40(2), 387-401.

Brenner, S. N., & Cochran, P. (1991, July). The stakeholder theory of the firm: Implications for business and society theory and research. In Proceedings of the international association for business and society (Vol. 2, pp. 897-933).

Bryson, J. M. (2018). Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations: A guide to strengthening and sustaining organizational achievement. John Wiley & Sons.

Chen, Y. Y, Huang H., & Fang, W. (2017). Developing an alignment model between business strategy and knowledge management strategy. Source: international journal of information technology and business management, 29th June 2017. vol. 601 (2017): 19-31.

Cole, G. (2004). Management Theory and Practice, Sixth Edition. London: TJ International.

Dimelu, M. U., Salua, E. S., & Igbokwe, E. M. (2013). Performance of faith-based grassroot non- governmental organizations in rural development in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. International NGO journal, 8(7), 146-152.

Donaldson, T., & Preston, L. E. (1995). The stakeholder theory of the corporation: Concepts, evidence, and implications. Academy of management Review, 20(1), 65-91.

Eskerod, P., & Jepsen, A. L. (2016). Project stakeholder management. Routledge. Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. Sage.

Freeman, R. E. (1999). Divergent stakeholder theory. Academy of management review, 24(2), 233- 236.

Fruttero, Anna, and Varun Gauri. 2005. “The Strategic Choices of NGOs: Location Decisions in Bangladesh.” Journal of Development Studies, 41(5): 759–87.

Galway, L. P., Corbett, K. K., & Zeng, L. (2012). Where are the NGOs and why? The distribution of health and development NGOs in Bolivia. Globalization and health, 8(1), 38.

Henderson, J. C., & Venkatraman, H. (1993). Strategic alignment: Leveraging information technology for transforming organizations. IBM systems journal, 32(1), 472-484.

Jammulamadaka, N., & Varman, R. (2010). Is NGO development assistance mis-targeted? An epistemological approach. Critical Review, 22(2-3), 117-128.

Johnson, G., Whittington, R., & Scholes, K. (2011). Exploring strategy; Texts and Cases. Edinburg Gate, Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.

Kaplan, R. S, Norton, D., & Barrows, E. (2011). Developing the strategy: Vision values, gaps and analysis. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.

Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (2001). The strategy- focused organization: How balanced scorecard companies thrive in the new business environment. MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (2004). Strategy Maps: Turning intangible assets into tangible results. MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (2006).Alignment: using the balanced scorecard to create corporate synergies. Boston: Harvard Business School.

Kaplan, R., & Norton, D. P. (2013). The Strategy-Focused Organization: How Balanced Scorecard Companies Thrive in the New Business Environment. Harvard Business Press.

Labovitz, G., & Rosansky, V. (1997).The Power of Alignment: How Great Companies Stay Centered and Accomplish Extraordinary Things. New York: Wiley.

Lear, L. W. (2012). The relationship between strategic leadership and strategic alignment in high- performance companies in South Africa (Doctoral dissertation).

Lechler, T., Edington, B. H., & Gao, T. (2012). Challenging classic project management. Risk Management.

Mendelson, Sarah E., and John K. Glenn, eds. (2002). The Power and Limits of NGOs. New York: Columbia University Press.

Mugenda, O. M., & Mugenda, A. G. (2003). Research methods. Quantitative and qualitative approaches.

Muthini, Mugenda, O.M & Mugenda, A.G. (2008). Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Nairobi: Acts press.

Mwanje, M. O. (2017). Challenges of strategy implementation in selected sugar companies in Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, COHRED, JKUAT).

National AIDS Control Council, (2016). Kenya Aids Response Progress Report. Retrieved on November 2016.

NGO Coordination Board, (2009). National survey of NGOs report. Retrieved on February 13, 2013.

Niven, P.R. (2006). Balanced score card diagonistics: Maintaining maximizing. John Wiley & Sons: New Jersey

Njagi, L., & Kombo, H. (2014). Effect of Strategy Implementation on Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. European Journal of Business and Management 6 (13), 62-67.

Orodho, A. J. (2009). Techniques of Data Analysis Using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Computer Package. Maseno, Kenya: Kanezja Publishers.

Peel, J. (2012). Knowledge Management, Delhi: Orange Apple.

Peppers, D. (2015). Dealing with the ‘Alignment Problem’. Journal of Creating Value, 1(2), 182- 189.

Porter M. E. (1996). ‘What is strategy? Harvard Business Review, pp. 61-78.

Schoemaker, P. J., & Krupp, S. (2015). Overcoming barriers to integrating strategy and leadership. Strategy & Leadership, 43(2), 23-32.

Siddique, I., & Shadbolt, N. (2016). Strategy Implementation Literature Review. by "Agrione. Center of Excellence in Farm Business Management, Report, March.

Sorooshian, S., Norzima, Z., Yusof, I., & Rosnah, R. (2010). Effect analysis on strategy implementation drivers. Iran: World Applied Sciences Journal, 11(10), 1255-1261.

Srivastava, A. (2014). Adapt: A critical pillar of strategy execution process. In Organizational Flexibility and Competitiveness (pp. 9-24). Springer, New Delhi.

Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics, 5th. Needham Height, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Wendell, L. F., & Cecil, H. B. (1999). Organization Development: Behavioural Science Interventions for Organization Improvement. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Werker, E., & Ahmed, F. Z. (2008). What do nongovernmental organizations do? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 22(2), 73-92.

Downloads

Published

2020-10-22

How to Cite

Mutinda, B., Oloko, M., & Muturi, W. (2020). Influence of Customer Alignment on Strategy Implementation in HIV/AIDS Non-Governmental Organizations in Kenya. Journal of Strategic Management, 2(3), 25–49. Retrieved from https://stratfordjournal.org/journals/index.php/journal-of-strategic-management/article/view/591

Issue

Section

Articles